Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a disease that is associated with the knee, ankle or spine of a dog. The cartilage (which allows joints to smoothly glide against each other) becomes separated and starts to lift. Pain from the rubbing caused by the presence of this abnormal cartilage is the inevitable result.
This disease is almost always diagnosed in large and giant breeds under the age of 1 year. Limping is the most common sign to look out for, either in one leg or both. The dog may not be obviously be in pain and discomfort, and may only present a problem upon rising from a sitting or lying position or appear stiff when walking.
Diagnosis of this disease is normally achieved with x-rays, although sometimes CT (Computed Tomography) or even surgery is required for a definitive diagnosis.
This disease can be seen in a variety of dogs but is normally associated with large and giant breeds. Osteochonditis in the ankle is most commonly found in Rottweilers and Labradors. For the knee, Great Danes, Labradors, Golden Retreivers, Newfoundlands and German Shepherds most commonly suffer with this. And finally the spine, German Shepherds, Rottweilers and Boxers most commonly have this problem.
There are many things that can contribute to OCD developing, such as genetics, rapid growth, diet or trauma. The risk of OCD can be reduced by the use of genetic management, assessing breeding dogs and removing them from a breeding program by spaying or neutering. Therefore reducing the risk of passing down the genetic trait that may lead to this condition.